As the world's largest energy consumer and the second-largest oil importer, China has witnessed net imports of all types of fossil energy since 2009 alongside a year-on-year rise in external energy dependence. Occasional shortages of oil, coal and electricity across certain regions have made energy security an increasingly prominent concern. Starting with an analysis of global energy geopolitics and the historical evolution of China's energy security landscape, this report conducts systematic research on an array of scientific topics, including the intricacies of international energy markets, risks embedded in China's energy import trade, strategic energy reserve frameworks, economic repercussions triggered by energy crises, links between energy poverty and renewable energy, environmental and health impacts stemming from energy consumption, untapped energy-saving potential in priority industrial sectors and regional jurisdictions, early-warning mechanisms plus contingency plans for energy supply disruptions, as well as international comparative analyses of energy security. The research is intended to deliver decision-making references and informative support for relevant national policymaking authorities.